In which approach is the emphasis placed on the greatest good for the greatest number of people?

The correct choice is the utilitarian approach, which is fundamentally centered on the idea of maximizing overall happiness and well-being for the greatest number of people. This ethical framework evaluates the morality of an action based on its outcomes, focusing on the consequences that affect the majority. It encourages decision-makers to weigh the benefits and harms of actions and choose the one that produces the best overall result for the most people involved.

In contrast, while the industry environment pertains to the external factors affecting a business, it does not prioritize the well-being of individuals or groups in decision-making. The social justice approach emphasizes fairness and equity among individuals and groups, often addressing systemic inequalities and advocating for the rights of marginalized populations, rather than solely focusing on the greatest good. The moral rights approach, on the other hand, centers on the rights and duties of individuals, stressing the importance of respecting individual entitlements and upholding moral principles, rather than the collective good. Each of these alternatives focuses on different aspects of ethical reasoning and social dynamics, but none allocate primary importance to the outcome that benefits the majority as effectively as the utilitarian approach does.